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Published on April 27, 2026
Outward appearance in the Saul narrative (1 Samuel 9-31) operates as an unstable and ultimately unreliable criterion for leadership. As the narrative progresses, leadership quality is disclosed more consistently through the king’s relationship to animals, both literal and figurative, which function as narrative tests and witnesses to obedience, competence, and covenantal faithfulness.
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Calvin’s position was rejected by the Lutherans, but it turned out to be an enormously influential one among the Anglophone heirs of the Reformation: it was followed by the English and American Puritans and such eighteenth-century Evangelicals as Jonathan Edwards (1703‒1758) and Charles Wesley (1707‒1788). And it was the position of the Particular (Calvinistic) Baptists...
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Published on March 7, 2026
Through various thematic and textual allusions, the author of Ruth presents the narrative as a typological microcosm of Yahweh’s redemptive purposes for Israel (and the nations) as anticipated in the Pentateuch and carried forward in the Prophets.
